Before looking at
some vital organ physiology let's take a look at the big picture of
the human body and appreciate the various major organ systems and how they
work in the body
The web version of this lecture has links that you might visit to expand
your understanding.
Skeletal - protection - (cranium sternum) support
- muscular attachment and lever formation - hematopoietic
system - bone is alive and constantly remodeling
Cardiovascular system - overcomes the limits of
diffusion - delivers O2 takes away CO2
- delivers food, hormones WBCs immunity >>>> removes
wastes , heat
- cardiac muscle pumps , arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules,
veins, transport
Respiratory System O2 , CO2 gas
exchange - surface area, moist
Gastrointestinal Tract (GI) catabolism digestion acid
HCl, enzymes, bacterial
- bile , immunological vigilance ( long tube lined with epithelia)
Excretory System - osmoregulation, electrolyte balance,
H2O (kidneys liver skin lungs)
- elimination of nitrogenous wastes (urea... uric acid) hormones produced
and eliminated, toxins
Reproductive
- gamete production, sex hormones, gestation ,
- behaviors , secondary sex changes
Lymphatic System - transport of lipids and lymphocytes
- nodes ...... axillary and inguinal glands swell during febrile infection
Immune system - includes most aspects of the body
(universally located)
white blood cells , antibodies attack perceived antigens
Endocrine - hormone production, storage ,
secretion, and regulation of homeostasis
pancreas, gonads, adrenal, pineal, pituitary, thymus, thyroid,
placenta, many other strutcures are endocrine
Nervous system - instantaneous transmission of
information
- electrochemical, chemical, neurotransmitters
- muscle control voluntary , involuntary
- perception, stimulation of some glands, sensation , higher order
thought, higher order thought and emotion, sentience
Integument
- first defense against antigens , antidessication, cooling, warmth,
excretion, sensation, Vd production, camouflage |
